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Cebu

Cebu is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas Region (Region VII) of the Visayas. The province covers roughly 4,943.72 square kilometers and is composed of 44 municipalities, 6 component cities, and a total of 1,066 barangays. The capital of the province is Cebu City, which also serves as the regional center of Central Visayas. The name Cebu is derived from the Cebuano word 'sugbu,' meaning 'to dive into water,' reflecting the area's maritime heritage.

HISTORY

Cebu was originally inhabited by indigenous Austronesian-speaking peoples, organized into barangays led by chieftains called datus. The early Cebuanos had a thriving maritime culture and engaged in trade with neighboring Southeast Asian polities, China, and the Malay Archipelago. They practiced animism and revered nature spirits. In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan arrived in Cebu, establishing contact with Rajah Humabon and converting some locals to Christianity, but he was killed later that year in the Battle of Mactan against Lapu-Lapu, who resisted Spanish control. In 1565, Miguel López de Legazpi formally established Cebu as the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines, making it the first capital of the colony. The Spaniards introduced Christianity, built churches such as the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño, and integrated Cebu into the galleon trade network, cementing its role as a center of religion, governance, and commerce in the Visayas. During the Philippine Revolution against Spain, Cebuano revolutionaries participated in the struggle for independence. After Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States in 1898, American forces occupied Cebu, introducing public education in English and modernizing infrastructure, which further boosted trade and development. During World War II, the Japanese occupied Cebu, but guerrilla forces resisted until the island was liberated in 1945. Post-war Cebu grew rapidly, with Cebu City becoming a major commercial, educational, and cultural hub. Today, Cebu is recognized for its historical landmarks like Magellan's Cross, its flourishing tourism, commerce, and industry, making it a key economic and cultural center in the Visayas while preserving its rich historical heritage.

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QUICK FACTS

Population (Census 2024)3,400,522
Land Area (2015)4,943.72 km²
No. of households799,486
Average Household Size4.14
Registered Voters3,200,000
Major LandmarksMagellan's Cross
Coastal Accessyes
Estimated elevation above sea level91 meters
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Map

Cebu Province is located in the Central Visayas Region (Region VII) in the central part of the Philippines. It is an island province situated between the Visayan Sea and the Cebu Strait. It is bordered on the north by the province of Bohol across the Cebu Strait, on the east by the Camotes Sea, on the west by Negros Oriental Province across the Tañon Strait, and on the south by the Bohol Sea.

Province image

MUNICIPALITIES POPULATION DATA

Cebu has 44 municipalities, 6 cities and 1,066 barangays.

nametypebarangay_countpopulation_2020population_2024
AlcantaraMunicipality91691017490
AlcoyMunicipality81918619207
AlegriaMunicipality92562026520
AloguinsanMunicipality153446634909
ArgaoMunicipality457818778111
AsturiasMunicipality275539754777
BadianMunicipality294373542666
BalambanMunicipality289513698170
BantayanMunicipality238624787394
BariliMunicipality458071582427
BogoCity298886790187
BoljoonMunicipality111755317153
BorbonMunicipality131818718157
CarcarCity15136453140308
CarmenMunicipality215789760230
CatmonMunicipality203374534708
CompostelaMunicipality175587458178
ConsolacionMunicipality21148012153931
CordovaMunicipality137050272915
DaanbantayanMunicipality209350295960
DalagueteMunicipality337459675937
DanaoCity43156321161307
DumanjugMunicipality375783759954
GinatilanMunicipality141690617184
LiloanMunicipality14153197158357
MadridejosMunicipality154203942828
MalabuyocMunicipality141977020378
MedellinMunicipality195966362163
MinglanillaMunicipality13151002155934
MoalboalMunicipality153693037939
NagaCity28133184138727
OslobMunicipality213926439578
PilarMunicipality131250612454
PinamungajanMunicipality267513176568
PoroMunicipality172692326508
RondaMunicipality142100521179
SamboanMunicipality152037320736
San FernandoMunicipality217222476110
San FranciscoMunicipality155921861092
San RemigioMunicipality276574467850
Santa FeMunicipality103447134834
SantanderMunicipality101852718696
SibongaMunicipality255342454610
SogodMunicipality183951740746
TabogonMunicipality254143242066
TabuelanMunicipality122890729662
TalisayCity23263088263832
ToledoCity35207314206692
TuburanMunicipality546816768307
TudelaMunicipality111130411638

DEMOGRAPHICS

Population by Age Group

Based on the 2020 Census, the largest age group is 5-9 years, with 361,227 individuals, followed closely by those aged below 5 years (355,059) and 10-14 years (346,084). In contrast, the smallest population is found in 80 years and above, with only 30,148 individuals.

agepopulation_2020
Below 5355059
5-9361227
10-14346084
15-19315000
20-24285000
25-29265000
30-34245000
35-39225000
40-44205000
45-49185000
50-54165000
55-59145000
60-64125000
65-6980000
70-7455000
75-7935000
80+30148

Population by Gender

In 2020, the population was composed of approximately 51.01% males and 48.99% females, indicating a higher number of males than females.

ECONOMY

Agricultural Production Trends (2018–2023)

Crops production showed a steady increase overall, rising from 8,967 in 2018 to 9,720 in 2023. Livestock production fluctuated in the early years but then grew significantly, from 13,819 in 2018 to 26,682 in 2023. Poultry production generally increased, starting at 10,733 in 2018 and peaking at 19,006 in 2023. Fisheries production experienced fluctuations, peaking at 8,958 in 2021 before declining to 3,228 in 2023.

title20222023
Crops89569720
Livestock2305026682
Poultry1266819006
Fisheries41753228

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