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Ilocos Sur

Ilocos Sur is a coastal province in the Ilocos Region (Region I) in Northern Luzon, Philippines. It covers about 3,467.89 square kilometers and is composed of 2 component cities, 32 municipalities, and 768 barangays. The capital of the province is Vigan City, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its preserved Spanish colonial architecture. The name 'Ilocos' comes from i-looc, meaning 'from the cove' or 'bay.' Today, Ilocos Sur is famous for its Calle Crisologo in Vigan, historic churches such as Sta. Maria Church, local delicacies like Vigan longganisa and empanada, and its rich Ilocano heritage and traditions.

HISTORY

Ilocos Sur was established as a province in 1818, when the old province of Ilocos was divided into Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur to make governance more manageable due to the growing population. The province became a center of Spanish colonization in Northern Luzon, with Vigan serving as an important political, religious, and cultural hub. During the Spanish period, Ilocos Sur played a significant role in the spread of Christianity and Hispanic culture, which is still evident in its architecture and traditions today. It was also home to many Filipino heroes, including Diego Silang and Gabriela Silang, who led revolts against Spanish colonial rule in the 18th century. In the American and Japanese periods, the province remained a site of important events in Philippine history. Today, Ilocos Sur is celebrated for its cultural heritage, with Vigan City recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its well-preserved Spanish colonial town.

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QUICK FACTS

Population (2024)709,991
Land Area (sq.km)3,467.89
No. of Households172,048
Average Household Size4.09
Registered Voters487,233
Major LandmarkCalle Crisologo
Coastal AccessYes
Elevation (above sea level)308 meters
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Map

Ilocos Sur is located in the Ilocos Region (Region I) in the northwestern part of Luzon. It is bounded on the north by Ilocos Norte, on the east by the Cordillera provinces of Abra, Mountain Province, and Benguet, on the south by La Union, and on the west by the South China Sea.

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MUNICIPALITIES POPULATION DATA

Ilocos Sur has 32 municipalities, 2 component cities, and 768 barangays.

nametypebarangay_countpopulation_2020population_2024
Municipality 1Municipality973617736
Municipality 2Municipality1479317953
Municipality 3Municipality343711837068
Municipality 4Municipality361279313028
Municipality 5Municipality243888438981
City of CandonCity (CC), Capital426143261315
Municipality 6Municipality331957419715
Municipality 7Municipality202061520265
Municipality 8Municipality111044410481
Municipality 9Municipality744724385
Municipality 10Municipality1147054846
Municipality 11Municipality343130831970
Municipality 12Municipality2254655370
Municipality 13Municipality464623446265
Municipality 14Municipality181110611966
Municipality 15Municipality1172067513
Municipality 16Municipality883818446
Municipality 17Municipality1081908213
Municipality 18Municipality332667326709
Municipality 19Municipality301749317498
Municipality 20Municipality211149311464
Municipality 21Municipality394136641296
Municipality 22Municipality492596626070
Municipality 23Municipality211920119371
Municipality 24Municipality342994429777
Municipality 25Municipality362555225770
Municipality 26Municipality332949029771
Municipality 27Municipality442599826259
Municipality 28Municipality729352954
Municipality 29Municipality949304238
Municipality 30Municipality331047611051
Municipality 31Municipality434153841606
City of ViganCity (CC), Capital395393554498

DEMOGRAPHICS

Population by Age Group (2020)

Based on the 2020 Census, the largest age group is 10–14, with 65,788 individuals, followed closely by those aged 15–19 years (64,584) and 5–9 years (60,014). The smallest population is found in the 75–79 years, with only 10,641 individuals.

agepopulation_2020
5–960014
10–1465788
15–1964584
75–7910641

Population by Gender (2020)

In 2020, Ilocos Sur’s population was composed of 50.57% males and 49.43% females, indicating a higher number of males than females.

ECONOMY

Agriculture

From 2018 to 2023, Ilocos Sur’s economy showed steady growth across most sectors. Crops production consistently increased, starting at 11,564 in 2018 and reaching 14,520 in 2023, making it the dominant sector. Livestock also grew, from 2,533 in 2018 to 3,751 in 2023, with its highest level in 2022 at 3,810. Poultry showed fluctuations, dropping to 693 in 2019 but recovering to 1,097 in 2023. Fisheries steadily improved from 639 in 2018, peaking at 1,001 in 2022 before slightly declining to 905 in 2023.

title20222023
Crops1421014520
Livestock38103751
Poultry10501097
Fisheries1001905

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