Misamis Oriental

Misamis Oriental (Cebuano: Sidlakang Misamis; Maranao: Sebangan Misamis; Filipino: Silangang Misamis), officially the Province of Misamis Oriental, is a province located in the region of Northern Mindanao in the Philippines. The provincial capital, as well as its largest city, is Cagayan de Oro, though it is governed independently from the province.

HISTORY

Misamis Oriental shared a history with Misamis Occidental of being part of the Province of Cebu during the Spanish colonial era. In 1818, Misamis was carved out from Cebu to become a separate province with Cagayan de Misamis (Cagayan de Oro) as its capital and was further subdivided into partidos or divisions: Partido de Cagayan (Division of Cagayan), Partido de Catarman (Division of Catarman), Partido de Dapitan (Division of Dapitan), and Partido de Misamis (Division of Misamis). The new Misamis province was part of the districts of Mindanao during the later part of the 19th Century, with its territory spanning from Dapitan to the west, Gingoog to the East, and as far as Lanao and Cotabato to the south. Misamis is one of the Spanish-controlled territories vulnerable to Moro raids. The Fuerza de la Concepción y del Triunfo in Ozamiz was built as a Spanish military installation and one of the staging points in their expeditions against Moros. A fort in Balo-i in present-day Lanao del Norte was also constructed in 1891 on the orders of General Valeriano Weyler in its renewed campaign against the Maranaos. The Fuerza de San Miguel in Iligan was also built, serving as a muster point for Spanish forces in their campaigns in Lanao.

QUICK FACTS
Population Census (2024)	988,065
Land Area	3,131.52 km²
No. of households	230,233
Average Household Size	4.1
Registered Voters (2025)	1,106,297
Major Landmarks	Divine Mercy Shrine (El Salvador City)
Coastal Access	Yes
estimated elevation above sea level	15m

Map

Misamis Oriental is a province located in the northern part of Mindanao. It is bounded by the Bohol Sea on the north, Bukidnon on the south, Misamis Occidental and part of Bukidnon on the west, and Agusan del Norte on the east. The province is characterized by a long stretch of coastal plains facing Macajalar Bay, while its interior consists of rolling hills and mountain ranges. Several rivers, including the Tagoloan River and Cagayan River, flow through the province and empty into the sea, making it a vital hub for agriculture, industry, and trade in Northern Mindanao.

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MUNICIPALITIES POPULATION DATA

Misamis Oriental has 23 municipalities and 2 component cities. The total number of barangays in the province is 424.

name	type	barangay_count	population_2020	population_2024
Alubijid	Municipality	16	32163	36841
Balingsaag	Municipality	30	74385	76877
Balingoan	Municipality	9	11020	11896
Binuangan	Municipality	8	7441	9198
Claveria	Municipality	24	52478	59059
Gitagum	Municipality	11	17920	19269
Initao	Municipality	16	33902	36494
Jasaan	Municipality	15	57055	58098
Kinoguitan	Municipality	15	14091	14302
Lagonglong	Municipality	10	24190	27441
Laguindingan	Municipality	11	26363	27688
Libertad	Municipality	9	12948	12954
Lugait	Municipality	8	20559	21921
Magsaysay	Municipality	25	36803	44283
Manticao	Municipality	13	24469	32802
Medina	Municipality	19	35612	36692
Naawan	Municipality	10	22444	26285
Opol	Municipality	14	66327	66836
Salay	Municipality	18	29998	31128
Sugbongcogon	Municipality	10	9764	11156
Tagoloan	Municipality	10	80319	89429
Talisayan	Municipality	18	25761	25761
Villanueva	Municipality	15	40000	39378
El Salvador City	City	15	58771	62038
Gingoog City	City	79	136698	160929

DEMOGRAPHICS

Population by Age Group

Based on the 2020 Census, the largest age group in Misamis Oriental is 5-9 years, with a total population of 178,201 individuals, followed closely by those aged 0-4 years at 178,202 individuals. In contrast, the 80 years and over group has the fewest residents, with only 12,675 individuals.

age	population_2020
0-4 years	178202
5-9 years	178201
10-14 years	165679
15-19 years	165679
20-24 years	148448
25-29 years	148447
30-34 years	117688
35-39 years	117687
40-49 years	181542
50-59 years	139380
60-69 years	89977
80+ years	12675

Population by Gender

In 2020, the population of Misamis Oriental was composed of approximately 50.36% males and 49.64% females, indicating a slightly higher number of males compared to females.

ECONOMY

Crop Production in Misamis Oriental

Agricultural production data from 2015 to 2024 showing trends in palay (rice) and corn production.

title	2023	2024
Irrigated Palay	22295.3	20975.11
Rainfed Palay	989.55	870.6
White Corn	60710.62	63428.4
Yellow Corn	52828.74	44053.42

BARANGAY